Oncogenomics is a subfield of genomics characterizing the genes that cause cancer. Three genes that are primarily responsible for cancer development are
i) Oncogenes-
In the case of cancer, these genes replace the protooncogenes
responsible for normal cell growth and make the cells grow and divide
rapidly forming cancer.
ii) Tumor suppressor genes – In a cancerous patient, the tumor
suppressor genes that inhibit cell division gets turned off and thus
leading to the uncontrolled division of cells which further results in cancer
iii) DNA repair genes –DNA mutations
or damages in DNA are repaired and controlled by these genes. A
healthy cell turns into a cancerous one when these DNA repair genes get
disabled or altered.
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